Dehydrated Desserts – The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth

Dehydrated desserts make it possible to enjoy sweet, crunchy, chewy, and portable treats with long shelf lives, minimal waste, and big flavor. This definitive guide, Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth, walks you through the science, gear, techniques, recipes, texture tricks, storage, troubleshooting, and smart pantry planning that transform fresh ingredients into shelf-stable delights. Whether you use an electric dehydrator, oven, air fryer, or solar dryer, you’ll learn how to build a dessert pantry that’s delicious, nutritious, and ready for everyday snacking or long-term self-reliance.

If you’re building a preparedness pantry alongside your dehydrated desserts, a knowledge-packed companion is The Lost SuperFoods. It’s a practical resource for stocking long-lasting foods and traditions that complement your new sweet stash: The Lost SuperFoods.

From fruit leather and yogurt drops to meringue kisses, marshmallow crunch, and chocolate-banana bark, Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth brings you step-by-step instructions, ideal temperatures, times, pretreatments, sugar-free and keto tweaks, vegan swaps, and shelf-life strategies. You’ll also find how to avoid case hardening, how to condition jars, which oxygen absorbers to use, and how to keep your hard work crisp or chewy—exactly as you intend.

Table of Contents

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth, From Science to Safety


Dehydration is the oldest culinary preservation method—and it’s perfect for sweets. The core principle behind dehydrated desserts is reducing water activity (aw) to a level where microbes can’t grow, while concentrating flavor and creating craveable textures. Most bacteria can’t grow below aw ~0.86, and molds/yeasts struggle as you approach aw ~0.6. The sweet spot for shelf-stable dehydrated desserts is typically aw below ~0.6–0.7, coupled with dry, cool storage. Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth builds desserts around this science, so your results are safe and consistent.

Equipment options:

  • Electric dehydrator: Best control and airflow. Choose a model with adjustable temperatures (95–165°F / 35–74°C), a rear-mounted fan, and solid/mesh trays.
  • Oven: Use the lowest setting (often 170–200°F), prop door with a wooden spoon for airflow, and add a small fan if possible.
  • Air fryer: Some models have a Dehydrate mode (120–160°F). Use perforated parchment and check often.
  • Solar dryer: Excellent for sunny, dry climates; pair with insect screens and check humidity.

Key safety notes for Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth:

  • Start with clean, ripe ingredients. Wash produce, sanitize surfaces, and dry thoroughly.
  • Slice uniformly (1/8–1/4 inch) for even drying. Thicker pieces take much longer and risk case hardening (a dry outside, moist interior).
  • Target temps: fruits and sweets at 125–135°F (52–57°C). Herbs at 95–105°F. Avoid temps above 160°F for sugary mixes to prevent scorching.
  • Dairy/egg items (yogurt drops, meringues): Dry fully and store short-term unless vacuum-sealed and kept very cool in darkness.
  • Conditioning: After drying, loosely fill jars 2/3 full, shake daily for 5–7 days. If condensation appears, return to dehydrator.

Smart storage for dehydrated desserts:

  • Packaging: Mason jars, Mylar bags, or high-barrier pouches. For low-fat, very dry items, add oxygen absorbers (100–300cc per quart). For crispy sugary items, use desiccant packets to control moisture and retain crunch.
  • Location: Cool (50–70°F), dark, and dry. Label with product and date.
  • Typical shelf life: Fruits 6–12+ months, meringues/marshmallows months if very dry and protected from humidity, yogurt drops several months; fattier items shorten shelf life.

If you’re new to self-reliance and food preservation, browse foundational guides on your site’s hub for homestead skills and pantry planning here: Everyday Self-Sufficiency.

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth to Fruit Chips, Leathers, and Candy Citrus


Fruit is the entry point for dehydrated desserts because the natural sugars, pectin, and acids dry into explosive flavor with minimal effort. This section of Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth shows you the classics plus creative twists.

Apple chips (cinnamon crunch)

  • Prep: Core (optional) and slice 1/8 inch.
  • Pretreat: Light dip in 1 tsp ascorbic acid or lemon juice per cup water to prevent browning.
  • Spice: Cinnamon, cardamom, or pumpkin spice.
  • Dry: 125–135°F for 6–10 hours until crisp. Cool and jar with a small desiccant for snap.

Pineapple-basil candy bites

  • Prep: 1/4-inch pineapple chunks tossed with a chiffonade of basil.
  • Tip: Pineapple is high in sugar; cut pieces evenly to avoid sticky spots.
  • Dry: 125–135°F for 10–14 hours until firm-chewy. Condition and store.

Strawberry cheesecake leather (no-bake vibe)

  • Blend: 3 cups strawberries, 1 ripe banana, 2 tbsp lemon juice, sweeten to taste (honey, maple, or allulose for low-carb), optional 2–3 tbsp cream cheese or dairy-free alternative for tang.
  • Spread: 1/8 inch thick on lined trays.
  • Dry: 125°F for 6–10 hours until leathery with no wet spots; cut into strips and roll.
  • Storage: For leathers, wrap in parchment and jar.

Citrus confit crisps

  • Thinly slice oranges, lemons, or blood oranges. Blanch 30–60 sec to mellow bitterness. Pat dry.
  • Dust with a whisper of sugar or allulose for glassy edges.
  • Dry: 125–135°F until translucent and crisp at the edges.
  • Use: Dip half in dark chocolate and dry briefly again for a candy-like finish.

Mango-chili-lime sheets

  • Blend mango with lime juice and a pinch of Tajín or chili-lime seasoning.
  • Spread thin; dry at 125°F until pliable. Snip into strips for a sweet-heat snack.

Banana split bark

  • Arrange banana coins. Brush with lemon juice. Dot with mini chocolate chips and crushed freeze-dried strawberries (optional). Dehydrate at 125°F until dry-chewy. Peel and break into “bark.”

Tips for texture and color in Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth:

  • Pretreatment: Acid dips (lemon, ascorbic, citric) protect color and brighten flavor.
  • Sweeteners: Honey and maple brown faster; erythritol can crystallize; allulose stays softer and doesn’t recrystallize, great for leathers.
  • Uniform thickness keeps doneness consistent. Use a ruler or a spreader for leathers.

Keto/low-sugar tweaks:

  • Choose lower-sugar fruits (berries), use allulose or monkfruit, add chia seeds for structure in leathers without added sugar.

Vegan swaps:

  • All fruit-based sweets are naturally vegan. For creamy notes, blend with coconut cream or cashew yogurt before dehydrating thin.

Remember that Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth depends on conditioning. After drying, jar loosely and watch for moisture beads. If any appear, return to the dehydrator to avoid mold.

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth to Creamy Crisps, Meringue Kisses, and Marshmallow Crunch


Beyond fruit, some of the most delightful dehydrated desserts start creamy and end as airy, melt-in-your-mouth bites. In Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth, these include yogurt drops, meringue kisses, Greek yogurt bark, pudding leather, and marshmallow crunch.

Yogurt drops (kid-approved)

  • Mix: Thick yogurt (Greek works best) with fruit puree or powdered freeze-dried fruit. Sweeten lightly if desired.
  • Pipe: Small dots onto lined trays.
  • Dry: 125–135°F for 6–10 hours until crisp outside and dry throughout.
  • Storage: Best for 1–3 months in airtight jars with desiccant; yogurt contains dairy, so prioritize cool, dark storage.

Greek yogurt bark

  • Spread 1/8-inch thick sweetened Greek yogurt with swirls of berry puree and a sprinkle of crushed nuts or coconut.
  • Dry: 125°F until completely dry and brittle. Break into shards.
  • Tip: Add 1–2 tsp inulin or powdered milk to help structure.

Meringue kisses

  • Whip: 3 large egg whites with a pinch of cream of tartar to stiff peaks; slowly add 3/4 cup sugar (or superfine allulose for low-carb).
  • Pipe: Kisses or stars on parchment.
  • Dry: 135°F for 4–8 hours until dry and hollow-sounding. Finish in the dehydrator with the heat off to cool and prevent stickiness.
  • Flavor: Vanilla, cocoa, espresso powder, or citrus zest.
  • Storage: Low humidity is critical. Add desiccant; store airtight.

Pudding leather (fast hack)

  • Mix instant pudding with milk or plant milk per package (or slightly thicker). Spread thin on trays. Dry until leathery.
  • Slice into “taffy” strips. Works best with vanilla, banana, or chocolate.

Marshmallow crunch

  • Slice store-bought marshmallows in half to speed drying. Dry at 135°F until they puff and crisp. The result tastes like cereal marshmallows.
  • Use: Trail mix, hot cocoa toppers, or ice cream garnish.

Safety and quality for Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth:

  • Egg whites in meringue are stabilized by sugar and low water activity once dry, but these are best kept bone-dry and eaten within a few months.
  • Dairy-based items (yogurt, pudding leathers) don’t store as long as fruit chips. Package in small jars for quicker turnover.

Flavor boosters:

  • Stir in citric acid for tang, vanilla paste for depth, or powdered peanut butter for protein and flavor without added fat.
  • Keep fat low: High fat slows drying and shortens shelf life. If adding nuts or coconut, keep amounts modest and dry thoroughly.

Textural control:

  • For crunch: Add desiccant and keep in cool, low-humidity storage.
  • For chew: Package without desiccant and allow slight humidity, but monitor closely for mold risk.


Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth doesn’t stop at fruit and foam. You can create crunchy cookie crumbles, brittle-style barks, granola clusters, and cereal-esque snacks that scratch the itch for cookies and candy without traditional baking.

Chocolate-banana brittle

  • Base: Banana puree with cocoa powder, a touch of honey or allulose, pinch of salt, and vanilla.
  • Spread: Very thin on lined trays; sprinkle with mini chips or cacao nibs.
  • Dry: 125–135°F until snap-crisp. Break into shards.
  • Storage: Mylar or jars with desiccant for maximum crunch.

Oatmeal cookie clusters (no-bake style)

  • Mix: Quick oats, apple puree, cinnamon, vanilla, pinch of salt, and chopped raisins. Sweeten to taste.
  • Form: Small mounds or press thin for faster drying.
  • Dry: 125°F until dry to the center. Crumble into clusters for “cookie cereal.”

Cinnamon roll crisps

  • Spread: Thick applesauce with cinnamon, vanilla, and a swirl of cream cheese frosting alternative (whipped cream cheese + sweetener). Keep the swirl thin.
  • Dry: 125°F to leathery-crisp. Cut into spirals.

Peanut butter cup bark (lower-fat approach)

  • Blend: Powdered peanut butter with water (thick but spreadable), cocoa powder, allulose, and a pinch of salt.
  • Spread thin; sprinkle with crushed peanuts.
  • Dry: 125–130°F until crisp. Dip edges in a thin layer of melted chocolate and re-dry briefly to set.

Cereal marshmallow remix

  • Combine marshmallow crunch (from Part 3) with dehydrated strawberry chips, banana pieces, and chocolate bark shards for a dessert trail mix.

Practical pointers for Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth:

  • Thickness is destiny. Brittle-style sweets should be paper thin.
  • Sugar type matters. Allulose helps brittles stay tender-crisp without recrystallizing; erythritol tends to re-crystallize and sharpen.
  • Salt amplifies sweet. A few grains of flaky salt on chocolate barks makes flavors pop.

For urban-living readers who want their dehydrated desserts to double as compact energy in emergencies, consider strengthening your preparedness skillset with the New Survival Offer: URBAN Survival Code. It complements dessert-ready pantry planning with practical city survival strategies.

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth to Flavor Science, Pretreatments, and Texture Hacks


Flavor concentration is the magic behind Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth. As water leaves, flavors bloom, acids pop, and sugars caramelize slightly. Use these hacks to control color, tang, sweetness, and structure.

Acidulation

  • Lemon/ascorbic acid baths keep apples, pears, bananas, and peaches bright.
  • Citric acid powder: 1/8–1/4 tsp per cup puree for leathers to lift flavor.

Sweeteners

  • Allulose: Excellent for leathers and barks; less crystallization, softer bite.
  • Honey/maple: Rich flavor, browns faster; watch temps.
  • Monkfruit blends: Useful for lower-carb desserts; test small batches for aftertaste.

Binders and texture

  • Pectin or chia seeds: Help leathers hold together, reduce stick.
  • Inulin or powdered milk: Improve body in yogurt bark and creamy mixes.
  • Gelatin: Small amounts create bouncy leathers that are still shelf-stable when fully dried.

Preventing case hardening

  • Keep temps moderate (125–135°F) and airflow steady.
  • Slice uniformly. Flip pieces mid-dry if edges speed ahead.
  • For high-sugar purees, start low (120°F) for 1–2 hours, then raise to 130–135°F.

Color and aroma retention

  • Dry under 135°F to preserve volatile aromas.
  • Avoid sun-exposed finishes for delicate fruits; UV can dull colors and flavors.

The “conditioning” non-negotiable

  • After drying, place the batch in a jar 2/3 full. Shake daily for a week. If moisture beads appear, re-dry.
  • This equalizes moisture and prevents hidden wet centers from causing mold.

Crunch insurance

  • Add a food-safe desiccant packet in jars of chips, barks, and meringues. Replace after a few openings in humid climates.
  • Open jars quickly and reseal. Store in smaller containers to minimize air exposure.

Flavor pairing matrix for Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth

  • Strawberry + balsamic + black pepper
  • Pineapple + coconut + lime
  • Apple + cinnamon + walnut (lightly, to keep fat low)
  • Banana + cocoa + espresso powder
  • Mango + chili + Tajín
  • Lemon + blueberry + vanilla

Testing doneness

  • Fruit chips: Snaps clean, no leathery pull.
  • Leathers: Pliable, no sticky spots, edges not brittle.
  • Meringues: Dry, hollow tap, no chew.
  • Yogurt drops: Crisp and dry in the center, not tacky.

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth to Gear, Settings, and Troubleshooting


Choosing the right tool makes Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth easier and more reliable.

Dehydrator features that matter

  • Temperature control: 95–165°F range is ideal.
  • Airflow: Rear-mounted fan yields even drying.
  • Trays: Mesh for chips; solid liners or silicone sheets for purees and creamy mixes.
  • Capacity: Aim for at least 6–9 trays if you plan weekly batches.

Oven setup

  • Lowest temp with convection if possible.
  • Prop door slightly to vent moisture. A clip-on oven thermometer keeps you honest.
  • Use wire racks over sheet pans for air circulation; line with parchment for purees.

Air fryer tips

  • Use the Dehydrate mode if available.
  • Avoid crowding; rotate trays often. Air fryers can run hot; verify with a thermometer.

Solar dehydrator basics

  • Works best in dry climates with strong sun.
  • Use insect mesh; bring trays indoors at night to avoid rehydration from dew.

Troubleshooting Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth

  • Soggy after storage: Add desiccant, dry longer next time, and cool fully before sealing.
  • Sticky leathers: Too thick or too much sugar. Spread thinner; add pectin/chia.
  • Case hardening: Reduce temperature; slice thinner; increase airflow.
  • Off flavors: Fat rancidity from nuts/chocolate. Use less fat, store very cool, rotate stock.
  • Uneven drying: Shuffle trays mid-cycle; slice with a mandoline.

Storage best practices

  • Packaging hierarchy: Mylar (best barrier) > Mason jars > standard zipper bags (short-term only).
  • Oxygen absorbers: Use with very dry, low-oil items to extend shelf life and protect color/flavor.
  • Label everything: Product, flavor, date, and batch notes for future tweaks.

Explore broader homestead and storage topics on your site’s index to plan beyond sweets: Sitemap and topic index.

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth for Keto, Vegan, Paleo, and Allergy-Friendly Variations


One brilliant aspect of Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth is how easily recipes flex for dietary needs while keeping textures and shelf life strong.

Keto/low-carb

  • Fruit choice: Focus on berries; use more cocoa, coffee, nuts (sparingly), and spices.
  • Sweeteners: Allulose or monkfruit-allulose blends for leathers and barks.
  • Examples: Chocolate-espresso bark (allulose), strawberry-vanilla leather with chia, peanut butter powder bark with cocoa nibs.

Vegan

  • Base options: All fruit sweets are vegan; use coconut cream, cashew yogurt, or silken tofu (well-blended, thin layers) for creamy results.
  • Aquafaba meringue: Whip chickpea brine with sugar for vegan “meringue” kisses; dry low and slow.

Paleo/whole-food

  • Use honey or maple judiciously, lean on fruit sweetness.
  • Emphasize spices, vanilla, citrus zest, and nuts in small amounts.

Gluten-free

  • Most dehydrated desserts are naturally gluten-free. For flavor crunch, add toasted coconut flakes sparsely.

Allergy-friendly swaps

  • Nut-free: Use seeds (pumpkin, sunflower) lightly and dry thoroughly.
  • Dairy-free: Plant yogurts; coconut cream in thin applications.

High-protein tweaks

  • Powdered peanut butter or powdered almond butter (mind the fat for shelf life).
  • Collagen or unflavored whey isolate in leathers for a protein bump.

Kid-friendly favorites

  • Rainbow fruit leather (layer purees of different colors).
  • Yogurt drop sprinkles (swirl in freeze-dried fruit powder).
  • Marshmallow crunch mix-in days (reward jars, portioned for control).

Athlete fuel

  • Banana-cocoa bark with a pinch of salt for electrolytes.
  • Apple-cinnamon chip bags paired with jerky for balanced trail snacks.

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth for Pantry Building, Gifting, and Emergency Readiness


Your sweet stash can be more than snacks. In Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth, you’ll package treats as gifts, assemble grab-and-go snack kits, and plan for emergencies.

Pantry modules

  • Daily snacks: Small jars of apple chips, mango leather, and yogurt drops.
  • Dessert mixers: Marshmallow crunch, meringue kisses, chocolate bark shards to top ice cream or puddings.
  • Trail energy: Banana-cocoa bark, strawberry chips, peanut butter powder bark, and a handful of nuts.

Gift ideas

  • “Pie in a jar” sampler: Apple-cinnamon chips, peach leather, and a mini jar of cinnamon maple salt.
  • Chocolate flight: Cocoa-banana brittle, cacao nib bark, espresso meringues.
  • Citrus sparkle: Orange crisps dipped in dark chocolate, lemon-blueberry leather strips.

Emergency and travel kits

  • 72-hour dessert module: 6–8 portioned bags (chips/leathers/barks) to lift morale and provide quick calories.
  • Moisture control: Add desiccants, pack in Mylar, and label for rotation.

Water planning with dehydrated desserts

  • Some creamy variations and meringues benefit from dry mouths being offset with sips of water. Pair your dessert kits with a robust, off-grid water plan. For homestead and emergency resilience, consider gravity-fed or atmospheric systems like the Aqua Tower to ensure clean water wherever you store snacks.

Rotation and inventory

  • First-in, first-out (FIFO): Date every jar/bag.
  • Quarterly crunch test: Open one jar, taste, and replace desiccants if necessary.
  • Seasonal batches: Summer fruits for leathers, autumn apples/pears for chips, winter citrus for confit crisps.

Dehydrated Desserts — The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth to Tools, Resources, and Smart Buys


The right tools and knowledge streamline Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth. Here’s a practical checklist and product guidance.

Dehydration tools

  • Dehydrator: Adjustable temps, solid and mesh trays, rear-mounted fan, minimum 6-tray capacity.
  • Mandoline: For even slices that dry consistently.
  • Liners: Silicone sheets and parchment for purees and sticky mixes.
  • Thermometer and hygrometer: Verify temperatures and storage humidity.

Packaging and storage

  • Jars: Wide-mouth Mason jars for easy loading.
  • Mylar bags: 5–7 mil thickness for long-term storage.
  • Oxygen absorbers: 100–300cc per quart for very dry, low-fat items.
  • Desiccants: For crisp items prone to softening (chips, barks, meringues).

Ingredient boosters

  • Allulose, monkfruit blends, citric/ascorbic acid, vanilla paste, cocoa powder, powdered peanut butter, pectin, chia, inulin.

Testing kit

  • Small scale for consistent puree weights.
  • Notebook or digital log for batch times, thickness notes, and results.

Recommended complementary resources

  • For time-tested preservation ideas and pantry resilience strategies that pair well with dessert storage, explore The Lost SuperFoods.
  • For urban readers who want compact, resilient food plans to go with portable sweets, see New Survival Offer: URBAN Survival Code.
  • For water security that keeps your dehydrated desserts enjoyable on the go or off-grid, check the Aqua Tower.
  • For at-home wellness know-how that complements a self-reliant kitchen, consider the Home Doctor.

Build Your Sweet, Self-Reliant Pantry

  • Master long-lasting recipes with The Lost SuperFoods and integrate dessert modules into a robust pantry.
  • Secure clean water to enjoy those sweets anytime with the Aqua Tower.
  • Live in a city? Pair portable sweets with street-smart preparedness from URBAN Survival Code.
  • Keep practical health guidance at home with Home Doctor.

Conclusion


Dehydrated Desserts: The Ultimate Guide for Every Sweet Tooth proves that sweet treats can be shelf-stable, wholesome, and wildly flavorful. You learned the science of water activity and temperatures, mastered fruit chips, leathers, and citrus crisps, and ventured into creamy yogurt drops, meringue kisses, marshmallow crunch, and brittle-like barks. You now have the storage playbook—conditioning, oxygen absorbers, desiccants, and packaging—to lock in crunch or chew for months. You also have diet-friendly variations, gifting ideas, and emergency-kit strategies. Anchor your dessert game with consistent slicing, moderate heat, and careful storage; then repeat your best batches and scale up. For broader self-sufficiency knowledge to complement your sweets, visit your homestead hub: Everyday Self-Sufficiency.

FAQ


  • What sweets can you dehydrate?
    You can dehydrate most fruits (apples, pears, peaches, mango, pineapple, berries), fruit purees for leathers, marshmallows (for crunchy “cereal” bites), meringues, yogurt drops, thin chocolate-banana bark, and “cookie” crumbles made from oat-and-fruit mixes. Citrus slices candy into crisp, translucent treats. Keep fatty inclusions minimal and very thin to ensure safe, complete drying.



  • What is the healthiest food to dehydrate?
    Fruits without added sugar—like apples, berries, and mango—are nutrient-dense and fiber-rich, making them ideal healthy dehydrated desserts. For lower sugar, choose berries and add spices or citrus for flavor intensity. You can increase protein with powdered peanut butter additions to barks or by pairing fruit chips with nuts (mind total fat for shelf life).



  • How do you use a dehydrator for the first time?
    Wash trays, preheat to your target temp (usually 125–135°F for sweets), slice produce uniformly (1/8–1/4 inch), and avoid overcrowding. Use mesh trays for chips and liners for purees. Rotate trays midway through if your airflow is uneven. Dry until crisp or leathery as intended, cool completely, then condition in jars for 5–7 days before long-term sealing.



  • How to make dehydrated food at home?
    Use a dehydrator, oven (lowest temp, door slightly open), air fryer with a dehydrate setting, or a solar dryer. For sweets, aim for 125–135°F, slice evenly, and use pretreatments (lemon/ascorbic acid) to keep color. After drying, condition in jars, then store in Mason jars or Mylar with desiccants or oxygen absorbers depending on texture and fat content. For broader food storage planning on your site, see the sitemap and topic index.